Nasal polyps are soft, non-cancerous growths that form on the nasal passages or sinuses due to chronic inflammation. They can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, facial pain, and frequent sinus infections.
• Causes
Polyps are often linked to chronic conditions like asthma, sinus infections, and allergies. Other risk factors include genetics, sensitivity to aspirin (Samter’s triad), and cystic fibrosis.
According to American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), also known as Samter's Triad, is a chronic medical condition that consists of three clinical features: asthma, sinus disease with recurrent nasal polyps, and sensitivity to aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
• Symptoms
Common symptoms include persistent nasal congestion, reduced sense of smell, facial pressure, post-nasal drip, and snoring. Severe cases may cause difficulty breathing.
• Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis is typically made through an endoscopy or CT scan.
Treatment includes:
• Medications:
> Nasal steroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation.
> Oral steroids may be prescribed for severe cases.
> Surgery: Endoscopic sinus surgery may be needed to remove large polyps.
> Allergy management: Avoiding allergens can help reduce inflammation.
• Prevention
Managing underlying conditions like asthma and allergies can help reduce the risk of polyps. Regular medical follow-ups are important for early intervention.
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